Teeth Whitening

Teeth whitening stands as one of the most sought-after cosmetic dental procedures, offering a swift, non-invasive, and cost-effective method to improve the appearance of one's smile. It is universally appreciated by both men and women, with options available to fit every budget, schedule, and personality. There are numerous solutions available, ranging from in-office one-hour whitening treatments at dental clinics or cosmetic spas to over-the-counter bleaching kits found at local pharmacies. Almost everyone who chooses to whiten their teeth experiences a noticeable enhancement in the brightness and whiteness of their smile. However, it's important to note that teeth whitening does not provide a permanent fix for discoloration and requires regular maintenance or "touch-ups" to maintain the desired effect. In this piece, we delve into all aspects of teeth whitening, including how teeth become discolored, the causes of staining, the various treatment methods available, and their associated risks and expenses.
Bleaching vs. Whitening: Understanding the Difference
The FDA defines "bleaching" as a process that whitens teeth beyond their natural shade, typically achieved with products that contain bleach, such as hydrogen peroxide or carbamide peroxide. Conversely, "whitening" is the process of restoring the color of a tooth's surface by eliminating stains and debris. Therefore, any product used to clean teeth, like toothpaste, is technically considered a whitening agent. Although the term "whitening" sounds more appealing than "bleaching," it is more commonly used, even when referring to products that contain bleach.
Exploring the Nature of Tooth Enamel
At the beginning of our lives, our teeth are often pearly white, thanks to their enamel layer, which is as hard as porcelain. Made up of tiny crystalline structures, enamel is built to shield our teeth from the wear and tear of chewing, grinding, injuries, and the acid attacks from sugar. However, over time, enamel erodes, making the teeth appear more translucent and allowing the yellow color of dentin, the main substance of the tooth, to become visible. Every time we chew, the dentin stays intact while numerous tiny cracks form in the enamel. These cracks, along with the gaps between the enamel rods, gradually accumulate stains and particles. Consequently, the teeth start to look dull and less vibrant. Teeth whitening can eliminate the stains and particles, leaving the enamel cracks open and vulnerable. Some of these cracks may be quickly repaired by saliva, while others are refilled with organic matter.Understanding Tooth Discoloration: External vs. Internal Staining
Teeth can be stained in two main ways: externally and internally. External stains appear on the tooth's surface due to contact with dark-colored drinks, foods, tobacco, and everyday wear. These superficial external stains are minor and can be removed with regular brushing and professional dental cleanings. More persistent external stains might require teeth whitening treatments. If left untreated, these stains can seep into the dentin and become deeply embedded. Internal stains form within the tooth. They can result from trauma, the aging process, exposure to certain minerals (like tetracycline) during tooth development, or too much fluoride intake. Previously, it was believed that internal stains were too tough to be removed by bleaching. However, modern cosmetic dentistry professionals now think that deep internal stains can be lightened with a supervised at-home teeth whitening treatment over several months or even a year. If all else fails, there are other cosmetic options available to treat internal staining, such as dental veneers.